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List of St. Louis Cardinals no-hitters
The St. Louis Cardinals are a Major League Baseball franchise based in St. Louis Missouri. They play in the National League Central division. Also known in their early years as the “St. Louis Brown Stockings” (1882), “St. Louis Browns” (1883–98), and “St. Louis Perfectos” (1899), pitchers for the Cardinals have thrown 10 no-hitters in franchise history.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=St. Louis Cardinals Franchise History )〕 A no-hitter is officially recognized by Major League Baseball only "when a pitcher (or pitchers) retires each batter on the opposing team during the entire course of a game, which consists of at least nine innings". No-hitters of less than nine complete innings were previously recognized by the league as official; however, several rule alterations in 1991 changed the rule to its current form. A no-hitter is rare enough that only one team in Major League Baseball has never had a pitcher accomplish the feat. A perfect game, a special subcategory of no-hitter, has yet to be thrown in Cardinals history.〔 As defined by Major League Baseball, "in a perfect game, no batter reaches any base during the course of the game."〔
Ted Breitenstein threw the first no-hitter in Cardinals franchise history on his first major league start on October 4, 1891 when the team was known as the “St. Louis Browns”; the most recent no-hitter was thrown by Bud Smith on September 3, 2001.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=St. Louis Cardinals on Baseball Almanac )〕 Two left-handed pitchers have thrown no-hitters in franchise history, while seven were by right-handers. Four no-hitters were thrown at home and six on the road. They threw one in April, one in June, one in July, two in August, four in September, and one in October. The longest interval between no-hitters was between the games pitched by Breitenstein and Jesse Haines, encompassing 32 years, 9 months, and 13 days from October 4, 1891 till August 17, 1924. Conversely, the shortest interval between no-hitters was between the games pitched by Jiménez and Smith, encompassing merely 2 years, 2 months, and 9 days from June 25, 1999 till September 3, 2001.〔 They no-hit the different teams. None of those no-hitter which the team allowed at least a run. The most baserunners allowed in a no-hitter was by Ray Washburn (in 1968), who allowed five. Of the 9 no-hitters, two have been won by a score of 2–0, 3–0, and 5–0, more common than any other results. The largest margin of victory in a no-hitter was an 11–0 win by Bob Gibson in 1971. The smallest margin of victory was a 1–0 win by Jiménez in 2001.
The umpire is also an integral part of any no-hitter. The task of the umpire in a baseball game is to make any decision "which involves judgment, such as, but not limited to, whether a batted ball is fair or foul, whether a pitch is a strike or a ball, or whether a runner is safe or out… (umpire's judgment on such matters ) is final." Part of the duties of the umpire making calls at home plate includes defining the strike zone, which "is defined as that area over homeplate ''(sic)'' the upper limit of which is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants, and the lower level is a line at the hollow beneath the kneecap."〔 These calls define every baseball game and are therefore integral to the completion of any no-hitter. Eight different umpires presided over each of the franchise's ten no-hitters.
The manager is another integral part of any no-hitter. The tasks of the manager is to determine the starting rotation as well as batting order and defensive lineup every game.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Wikipedia )〕 Managers choosing the right pitcher and right defensive lineup at a right game at a right place at a right time would contribute to a no-hitter. Eight different managers have led to the franchise's ten no-hitters.
==List of no-hitters in Cardinals history==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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